PDX1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: We have previously proposed and investigated PDX1 as a potential target for pancreatic cancer therapy [56,57,58]; our group and others provide support for the oncogenic properties of PDX1 in pancreatic cancer and suggest additional clinical significance for PDX1 as a biomarker in other solid human malignancies such as colon, prostate, kidney, and breast cancer [59,60,61,62,63].