PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Over the past two decades, the increasingly understanding of the biology of NSCLC has revolutionized the treatment paradigm from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy to personalized medicine, characterized by the development of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs), based on the genetic alterations and the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and its ligand (PD‐L1).4, 5