Loss of structures containing drebrin, an F-actin binding protein present in dendritic spines, serves as a measure of Aβ-induced spine degeneration in vitro39 and studies have found that total drebrin levels are reduced in human AD and AD mouse model brain tissue, and drebrin-containing spines have been shown to be substantially reduced in the latter41. The gene discussed is DBN1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.