Therefore, to examine whether TDP-43 oligomers exist and colocalize with Aβ in AD patients, we applied immunostaining by poly TDP-O antibody or TDP-43 C-terminal antibody and Aβ antibody in the entorhinal cortex of four AD patients (3 male, 1 female) with a mean age of 75.5 ± 5.6 years old and a Braak stage of IV or V. In immunostaining analysis by poly TDP-O antibody (Fig. 8a), we found the signal colocalized mostly with intraneuronal Aβ (~68%) and little with amyloid plaques (~7%). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.