TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: SNPs of TNF-α -1031 T/C (rs1799964), −863C/A (rs1800630), −857C/T (rs1799724), −308G/A (rs1800629), and -238G/A (rs361525) are SNPs in the TNF-α promoter site that have often been investigated regarding their association with HCC in several previous studies [7, 8].