However, genes known to be involved in cancer sustenance and progression such as TNFRSF11B, IL8, CXCL2, CXCL16, SPP1, IL1RAP, MIF, and VEGFA showed higher expression levels in NET G3/NEC and NET G1/G2 compared to healthy tissue. Here, SPP1 is linked to neuroendocrine carcinoma.