However, CLL cells also possess this marker, and it appears that CD 38 binds with CD31 ligand, expressed by NLCs and leads to ZAP-70 phosphorylation, which will further activate the BCR and through signaling pathways like PI3Ks and BTK will enhance CLL cells proliferation and survival [141]. The gene discussed is PECAM1; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.