Among them, SPINK2, MAP7, HOPX, MMRN1, DNMT3B, TCF4, SLC38A1, DOCK1, ARHGAP22, MN1, and 4 genes in the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily (ABCG1, ABCA2, ABCB1, and ABCC1) have been reported to be associated with poor prognosis or chemoresistance in AML (Fig. 3b and Table 3) [19, 39–58]. Here, SPINK2 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.