CD47 and neoplasm: Importantly, CD47 ligation-mediated cell death has been shown to be specific for tumor cells, leaving normal, untransformed cells completely unaffected (Mateo et al. 2002; Martinez-Torres et al. 2015; Uscanga-Palomeque et al. 2019); it should be noted, however, that normal T-cells were shown to be sensitive to CD47-directed treatments when first pre-activated with anti-CD3 antibodies (Manna and Frazier 2003)(further discussed below).