The study group presented with LV dilatation or dysfunction (LVESV 189 (95) ml; LVEDV 245 (83) ml; LVEF 22 (11) %), RV enlargement (RVD 32 (10) mm), pulmonary hypertension (PVR 3.36 (1.2) W.u.), and significant neurohumoral (NT-proBNP 5464 (3308) pg/ml) and proinflammatory (TNFα 15.8 (9.7) pg/ml; hsCRP 0.72 (0.3) mg/dl) activation (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and pulmonary hypertension.