Inversely, studies in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), aggressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC), NSCLC, large B-cell lymphoma, HCC, and nasopharynx cancer (NPC) demonstrated that patients with high concentrations of sPD-L1 exhibited markedly worse survival than patients with lower concentrations (18–20, 29, 30). Here, SPDL1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.