In another study comparing treatment-naive IPF patients with those on antifibrotic treatment (pirfenidone or nintedanib), CA-125, CXCL13, MMP-7, YKL-40 and osteopontin predicted differential transplant-free survival in treated patients but at higher thresholds than treatment-naive individuals [43]. This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.