Moreover, MSCs transferred exosomal factor-TSG-6 partially restores the alveolar-capillary leakage, increasing chord length and alveolar simplification in hypoxia-induced neonatal BPD mouse models [42].There is an ongoing clinical trial (NCT03857841) aiming to investigate the intravenous infusion of BM-MSC-drived EV (UNEX-42) on preterm neonates at high risk for BPD. This evidence concerns the gene TNFAIP6 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.