GLUD1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Moreover, microvesicles derived from MSCs promote ACE2 mRNA and plasma levels of Ang- (1–7) in the injured lung [129], and MSC-exosome administration increases the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1), leading to improved mitochondrial health in the hypoxia-induced PAH mouse model [130].