Importantly, the triple combination of Pexa-Vec with PD-1 and CTLA-4 ICIs induced superior tumor growth inhibition in comparison to dual ICI combination therapy (PD-1 and CTLA-4 ICI) or Pexa-Vec monotherapy, resulting in complete tumor regression in 40% of treated mice; in contrast, Pexa-Vec in combination with a single ICI failed to induce complete regression. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and neoplasm.