ACE2 and infection: In the scenario of an infection such as COVID-19, there is an exaggerated release of cytokines, which promote the recruitment of several other cells, causing a great inflammatory process.(9,10) Studies point out that interferon and influenza virus infection (interferon pathway inducer) may be related to increased ACE2 transcription.(11) Smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) also have a higher expression of ACE2 receptors.(12) In addition, diabetes and hypertension have been associated with polymorphisms of the ACE2 gene.(7)