For example, a recent study showed that inhibition or knockdown/knockout of the AHR consistently reduced human cell invasion, migration, and metastasis in triple negative and inflammatory breast cancer cell lines (decrease in the invasion-associated genes Fibronectin, VCAM1, Thrombospondin, matrix metalloproteinase 1) and increased the expression of genes associated with decreased tumor progression (CDH1/E-cadherin) [18]. Here, VCAM1 is linked to neoplasm.