A 2-year-4-month-old girl was referred to our hospital about 1 month after the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome with relapse had been made: urine protein-creatinine ratio markedly increased (749.1 mg/mg); blood urea nitrogen 11 mg/dL; serum creatinine 0.3 mg/dL; and serum albumin 1.8 g/dL. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is nephrotic syndrome.