An oral treatment with a Nox4 inhibitor substantially reduced the extent of fibrosis and expression of TGFβ-activated fibrotic markers, such as collagen and fibronectin, in a preclinical model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis [15], hence highlighting a role of Nox4 in TGFβ and lung fibrosis. This evidence concerns the gene NOX4 and pulmonary fibrosis.