KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: Large prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening programs in Europe (European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)) and the U.S. (Prostate Cancer Screening in the Randomized Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO)) were able demonstrate that early diagnosis and early treatment can help to reduce prostate-cancer-specific mortality [1,2].