When co-expressed in Hipk tumor-like cells, pdsw-RNAi induced mild ROS in or close to the hinge region of the wing discs (30-40% increase) (Fig. 5E′, white arrowhead; Fig. 5G), whereas ATPsynβ-RNAi led to robust ROS production (∼70% increase) across nearly the entire hipk-overexpressing domain (Fig. 5F′, orange arrowheads; Fig. 5G). The gene discussed is NDUFB10; the disease is neoplasm.