HK2 and neoplasm: Recently, Shao et al. [75] reported a positive feedback loop in Caveolin-1-ROS signaling in PSCs leading to increased expression of glycolytic enzymes (hexokinase 2 (HK-2), 6-phosphofructokinase (PFKP) and pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2)), upregulated transporter (Glut1) expression, and downregulated expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzymes (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) 1 (NQO1)) resulting in a shift in energy metabolism to glycolysis, which promotes the growth of the tumor.