In addition, the TGF-β2 and TGF-β-R III signals transmitted by p38α/β regulate non-proliferative disseminated tumor cell dormancy and can regulate the microenvironment required for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) metastasis (Bragado et al., 2013). Here, TGFB2 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.