BECN1 and neoplasm: For example, in non–small lung carcinoma, melanoma, and breast cancer, NANOG induces autophagy under hypoxia conditions in CSCs by direct regulation of BNIP3, a protein that interacts with Bcl-2 and mediates the disruption of the Bcl-2/Beclin-1 interaction (164), promoting tumor cell immune resistance (165).