In this important paper, stronger OS/PFS benefit was observed in overweight and obese patients with PD-L1 positive tumors (defined by PD-L1 expression of > 5% of tumor cells or tumor infiltrating immune cells) compared to normal weight patients, which implies that in NSCLC, PD-L1 expressed by either tumor cells or by immune cells is critical for OS prediction in obese patients, and obesity is secondary to PD-L1 tumor status (52). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.