ROS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Targetable alterations in NSCLC include mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (accounting for up to 15% NSCLC in Europe and United States, and up to 45% in Southeast Asia) (81, 82), translocation in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) (accounting for approximately 5% of cases), with a lower frequency of other mutations (ROS1, BRAF, NTRAK, and HER2) (83).