Systematic analysis of TAM biomarkers identified that CD68, and in some cases CD163, are the best markers for the quantification of TAMs in tumor tissue, while several other surface receptors (scavenger receptor stabilin-1, mannose receptor CD206, CD204, MARCO) and chitinase-like proteins (YKL-39, YKL-40) are very informative biomarkers of functional TAM polarization. This evidence concerns the gene MSR1 and neoplasm.