At present, most candidate gene association studies have examined the relationship between serotonin system genes, dopamine system genes and depression (Table 2): loci implicated in the serotonin (5HT) system including serotonin (5-HT) transporter gene-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR), 5HT receptor 2A (5HT2A), 5HT receptor 2C (5HT2C), monoamine oxidase type A (MAOA), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1). The gene discussed is MAOA; the disease is major depressive disorder.