CD69 and autoimmune disease: In vivo studies in CD69 KO mouse models have demonstrated an important role of CD69 in the pathogenesis of different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (Radulovic and Niess, 2015; Cibrian and Sanchez-Madrid, 2017), and a critical function in the anti-infectious (Vega-Ramos et al., 2010; Notario et al., 2016, 2019), anti-tumoral (Esplugues et al., 2003, 2005; Mita et al., 2018) and airway inflammatory responses (Hayashizaki et al., 2016; Kimura et al., 2017).