Other inflammatory cytokines shown to promote PD-L1 expression by tumor cells include: TNFα in breast (161), prostate, colorectal cancer (162) and hepatocellular carcinoma (152); IL-27 in lung, prostate and ovarian cancer (163); and TGFβ in breast (164) and lung cancer (165). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.