To investigate and distinguish the role of IL-36 family members (IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ) during influenza infection, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy individuals and ARDS patients caused by influenza infection within 14 days from the onset of clinical symptoms (Supplemental Table 1). The gene discussed is IL36B; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.