IL1B and pulmonary tuberculosis: In order to better understand the relative contribution of inflammasome activation and IL-1ß release in Mtb infection in vivo, we analyzed IL-1ß, IL-18, IFN-α, and TNF levels in the plasma of patients recently diagnosed with active pulmonary TB (TB) and their “household contacts” (CNT) from an endemic TB area (Brazilian State of Amazonas).