Next, taking in account the role of NLRP3 in the IL-1ß release by Mtb-infected MDM and the fact that IFN-I is a known inhibitor of NLRP3 (31), we questioned whether the imbalance between IL-1ß and IFN-α, observed in the plasma of TB patients could be related to an impairment of NLRP3 inflammasome. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is tuberculosis.