As previously described (36), F. hepatica infection induces an increase in IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-10-producing splenocytes, while FhKTM/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16-immunized mice not only did not increase IL-10- production but also decreased IL-4-producing splenocytes after the infection (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene IL5 and infection.