SLC6A3 and Parkinson disease: Pharmacological chaperones are specific ligands (i.e., substrates or inhibitors) which bind to and stabilize the target proteins; e.g., noribogaine efficiently rescued several folding-deficient versions of SERT (El-Kasaby et al., 2014; Koban et al., 2015; Bhat et al., 2017) and parkinsonism variants of DAT (Kasture et al., 2019; Asjad et al., 2017).