GATA3 and necrotizing enterocolitis: (v) Type 3 immunity unexpectedly dominates over types 1, 2 and Treg in NEC, as reflected in an imbalance of ILC, T cells and mediators such as IL-17 and its receptor, IL-22 and GATA3; (vi) both human and murine NEC exhibit complex TLR dysregulation with pronounced decreases in TLRs 5–7 and 9-12 and increases in TLRs 4 and 8; and (vii) the disease is associated with abnormalities in the IL-36 pathway.