Consistent with the increase in the presumably pathogenic NKp46−RORγt+Tbet+ ILC3 population, NEC was associated with an increase in the protein abundance of TH17/type 3 cytokines, including IL-17F (fourfold, Fig. 5a) and IL-21 (19-fold though not statistically significant, Supplementary Fig. 5a) in WT pups. This evidence concerns the gene IL21 and necrotizing enterocolitis.