In contrast, previous studies assessing the association between anemia and TUG test results as a mobility measure have yielded inconsistent results, with some reporting an association between anemia and impaired TUG test results (i.e., 0.14–0.36 s improvement in TUG test results with a 1 mg/dL increase in Hb; 1.5 times greater proportion of impaired TUG test results in anemic group) [16, 24], and others reporting no association [21, 25]. Here, GSTM1 is linked to anemia (phenotype).