While the mechanisms underlying changes in SGLT2 expression in DM2 (diabetes mellitus type 2) are not well understood, changes in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF-1α) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β (HNF-3β) activity have been reported to contribute to alterations in SGLT2 expression [48]. This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.