HMGB1 and viral infectious disease: In line with this, resveratrol protects against experimental ALI, pulmonary embolism-induced cardiac injury, as well as cerebrovascular and neuronal inflammation, by mitigating signaling pathways that occur during viral infection and which are bound to a concomitant immunoproteasome activation and autophagy impairment, including RAGEs, HMGB1, TLR4, NF-kB, and NLRP3 [161,176,177,187,188].