Granulocyte colony-stimulating-factor (G-CSF) is produced by leukocytes and fibroblasts; it is well associated to a higher risk of MACE (death, myocardial infarction, re-hospitalization) in patients with stable coronary artery disease [120], although other authors discussed its cardioprotective role through the induction of tissue repair after myocardial infarction [121]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and coronary artery disorder.