SERPINE1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In addition, NAFLD induced a significant increase in the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, PAI-1, collagen I, and α-SMA (Figure 3(b)) and promoted the secretion of PDGF, FGF-2, and VEGF (Table 3), whereas these indicators were all downregulated by SJZ, LZ, and FZLZ (P < 0.05), with FZLZ exhibiting the greatest effect in suppressing liver fibrosis (P < 0.05).