TGFB1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: The level of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatants secreted by MSCs in the IO MDS group (1871.79 ± 601.87 pg/ml) was significantly lower than that in the NIO MDS group (2610.59 ± 464.51 pg/ml) and the control group (3323.03 ± 724.18 pg/ml) (p < 0.05) (Figure 1(e) D).