IL10 and influenza: The stimulatory effect of GLA-SE is well preserved in older adults (143) and in vitro studies in the context of vaccination with a split-virus influenza vaccine in older adults confirmed the activation of DCs to induce a Th1 response, increasing the interferon-γ to IL-10 ratio and the cytolytic (granzyme B) response to influenza virus challenge, both of which have been shown to correlate with protection against influenza in older adults (144).