KIRs have been shown to be clinically significant in allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in cases of KIR profile mismatches where the inhibitory KIRs on the NK cells derived from the stem cell donor do not encounter their cognate ligands on the transplant recipient's AML blasts. Here, KIR3DL1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.