In their livers, while phosphorylation of IRS-1 at Tyr896 and total IRS-1 was decreased, phosphorylation of IRS-1 at Ser636 was significantly increased, which suggests that this HF-CDAA diet-induced metabolic inflammation that was involved in the impairment of hepatic insulin signaling (Fig. 1J)37,42–44. This evidence concerns the gene IRS1 and hydrops fetalis.