To the degree that ERK is also implicated in the pathogenesis of other non-skeletal manifestations of NF1, including benign neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors39, this suggests that evaluating the relative contributions of RAF isoforms versus MEKK2 in these non-skeletal contexts and potential therapeutic relevance of MEKK2 inhibition is warranted. The gene discussed is MAP3K2; the disease is neurofibroma.