CXCL12 and cancer: CAFs secrete growth factors and cytokines such as CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor-1), CCL7 (monocyte-chemotactic protein 3), transforming growth factor-beta, fibroblast growth factors, hepatocyte growth factor, periostin, and tenascin C, which stimulate cancer cells to enhance survival, proliferation, stemness, metastasis, and resistance to therapy [60–67].