In this review, we focuson the molecular mechanisms and highlight the main aspects, including reactiveoxygen species, the cell endogenous antioxidant system, neuroinflammationtriggers, metalloproteinases, α-synuclein, tau proteins, neuromelanin,histone deacetylases, presenilins, etc. The processes and molecular targetsdiscussed in this review could serve as a starting point for screening leadercompounds that could help prevent or slow down the development ofneurodegenerative diseases. Here, YWHAQ is linked to glycogen storage disease VI.