PCSK9 and atherosclerosis: The lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) has been shown to play a critical role in inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, where LOX-1 and PCSK9 positively influence each other’s expression and it appears that mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS) may to be important initiators of PCSK9 and LOX-1 expression (Ding et al., 2015).