GDNF and Ureteral obstruction: We studied the regulation of renal developmental genes that are associated with CAKUT in obstructed, intact opposite and sham-operated kidneys following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in newborn and adult mice: Gdnf (Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor), Pax2 (Paired homeobox gene 2), Six4 (Sineoculis homeobox homolog 4), Six2 (Sineoculis homeobox homolog 2), Dach1 (Dachshund homolog 1), Eya1 (Eyes absent homolog 1), Bmp4 (Bone morphogenetic protein 4), and Hnf-1β (Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β).