Prominently, toxic protein aggregation such as those formed by β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and tau proteins in Alzheimer’s disease, TDP-43/FUS in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and huntingtin protein in Huntington’s disease have been studied as archetypical phase separation processes (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27). Here, TARDBP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.