ATA-ICs, ACA-ICs, anti-Th/To-ICs, PAPS-ICs, and IL-1β significantly activated NFκB compared to the medium whereas ARA-ICs, SLE-ICs, and NHS-ICs did not elicit NFκB phosphorylation (Fig. 4a). Here, NFKB1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.