The genetically-controlled regulation of mitochondrial function in human HF is further supported by our pathway analysis that found an enrichment of eGenes for true eQTLs in pathways related to mitochondrial function along with other pathways, such as the regulation of responses to steroid hormones, the Wnt/β-catenin and interferon (IFN) signaling, adipogenesis, immune responses and the metabolism of glucose and lipids, all of which have well-known roles in HF biology [33]. Here, IFNA1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.